Sizable deposits of fire clay are found in the province of Punjab, which is also the main consumer of this commodity. Large deposits occur in Mianwali, Sargodha and Attock Districts. Fire clay is also found in Thatta and Dadu Districts of Sindh and D.I Khan District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. These are residual sedimentary deposits generally found at the base of Patala Formation of Paleocene age in the Punjab and at the base of Sonhari beds of Paleocene age in Sindh. The bulk of the present production is obtained from Mianwali and Sargodha Deposits which could be classed as heavy duty refractory clay. It is used mainly for furnace lining in cement and other industries. Total reserve of fire clay in Pakistan are over 100 million tonnes and reported average annual production is 289,573 metric tonnes